Mineral water is groundwater that have emerged from the ground and flowed over rock. Treatment of mineral water is restricted to removal of unbalanced elements such as iron and sulfur compounds. Treatment for such minerals can only expand to filtration or decanting with oxygenation. Free carbon dioxide may be removed only by physical methods, and the regulations for introduction of CO2 are severely defined. Disinfection of natural mineral water is fully prohibited, including the addition of any element that is likely to change bacterial colony counts. If natural mineral is effervescent, it should be labeled accordingly, depending on the origin of the carbon dioxide:
- Naturally carbonated normal mineral water
- Natural mineral water fortified with gas from the spring
- Carbonated normal mineral water
Spring water is also derived from groundwater sources, but is collected by means of a well – in practice, often a borehole. Spring water may be focus to various kinds of treatment prior to bottling. The same chemical and microbiological parametric quality regimes apply to both types of waters.
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